2004
b) You need
to analyse the IMPACT – thus say that he studies electrolysis, made the laws
and invented the terminology but also say how this impacted the knowledge/use
of electrolysis – ie make a statement that it allowed electrolysis to be
applied to industry, or that it allowed for greater ‘collaboration’ and communication
between scientists which increased out understanding further…
2009
c) The flow
chart arrows in the question are a clue that the scientists research is linked
so you need to make the connections between them clear.
Galvani – animal electricity – Volta - disproved animal electricity
with Voltaic pile – Davy – used voltaic pile for electrolysis – Faraday – devised
the laws of electrolysis.
Key points to include (italics = optional)
Galvani – iron and brass in circuit touching nerve in frogs
leg = jump = concluded jump caused by animal electricity from the muscle. Circuit produced was first recorded
continuous current. Realised that metals were electrical conductors
Volta – made voltaic pile (describe) produced electricity sans-frog
= disproved animal electricity. Proposed contact between metals as source of
electricity. Realised current produced
depended on the combination of metals (start of activity series). Voltaic
pile = precursor to modern batteries and first reliable source of continuous
current.
Davy – Used the voltaic pile to perform electrolysis of compounds – decomposed water and acids (ie
water a compound, disproved Lavoisier), decompose molten salts to extract reactive
metals (eg K) for the first time thus showed potential for electrolysis to be applied
to scientific research and metal extraction for industry. Realised that electricity
was decomposing compounds = breaking bonds = bonding must be electrical in nature.
Realised it was reactions between electrode and electrolyte that were producing
current in voltaic pile.
Faraday – Davy’s student/apprentice. Developed a device to
measure charge passing through an electrolytic cell. Used this to devise the
two laws of electrolysis (give). Quantitative laws meant electrolysis could be
applied to scientific and industrial projects. Developed the terminology we use
for electrochemistry (eg cation cathode, catholyte, electrolyte) allowed
scientists to communicate/collaborate and further develop understanding of
electrochemistry.
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